WAVE Case Study Neckarinsel Stuttgart: Difference between revisions

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* Please try to redepict these elements in an integrated way and in relation to your water landscape. What is the relationship between these groups? Are they close or distanced from each other? Who is more powerful? Which voices are hardly heard? Do they have any shared concerns?  
* Please try to redepict these elements in an integrated way and in relation to your water landscape. What is the relationship between these groups? Are they close or distanced from each other? Who is more powerful? Which voices are hardly heard? Do they have any shared concerns?  


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Revision as of 21:48, 1 May 2022

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Area Neckar Bad Cannstatt
Place Stuttgart
Country Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Topics Re-Connecting to the Neckar
Author(s) Anna-Kathrin Schneider
Dummy image case study template.jpg

Rationale

The Neckar is included and fit into human usages in the area, where its passing though Stuttgart and it divides Stuttgart Bad Cannstatt from the inner city. Through that the study area is a point of connectivity and mobility in each manner. In history the people in charge of of the urban water site switched and now multiple stakeholders are somehow connected to that. For the inhabitants the study area is just a point of crossing and moving, while totally disconnected to river. Moreover, in the future there will be a shift of usages of railways, new ones are under construction right now, additionally the contracts for electric power generation with the big companies will end 2034. These shifts could be used to re-shape and re-connected the people to the river.

Location and scope

You can edit this map with the map editor

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Water as a natural system

Geomorphology, typologies and dynamics of water areas

The Neckar flows from its origin near Schwenningen to Mannheim, where it leads into the Rhein. Er überbrückt damit eine Distanz von 371 km und eine Höhendifferenz von 621 m.

The development of the catchment area started already in the Cretaceous period with the cave in of the Oberrheingraben and the beginning rise of the Swabian Alb. Consequently, the catchment areas of Danube and the earlier river Rhein changed. The Neckar receives its water now from 13.600 sqkm catchment area. Important is the perception minus evaporation in that area. The water level therefore depends highly on weather, so seasonal and shortly changes are visible. The average yearly perception in the catchment area are between 600mm to 800mm.

Catchment area of the Neckar river.
Map roughly shows the land use along the Neckar in the study area.


Water as a living space

In Stuttgart's urban environment and due to the expansion of the federal waterway, the Neckar has been increasingly forced into a built corset in recent centuries. Nature conservation and environmental protection, as well as biodiversity, hardly played a role. North of Stuttgart, between Aldingen and Stuttgart-Mühlhausen, lies the nature reserve "Oeffinger Scillawald". It is named after the large occurrence of blue star and consists of a deciduous forest that used to be frequently found along the Neckar.  This is the only nature reserve along the Neckar near Stuttgart. Up to Plochingen, the end point of the waterway, the river and the riverbank are industrially used and deformed.

In addition to the Neckar, there are 16 other streams in the Stuttgart area. Their total flow length is approx. 150 kilometres, the longest stream being the Feuerbach with a length of 11.5 km. There are also other standing waters in the Stuttgart area. The largest lake is the Max-Eyth-See with an area of 17.3 hectares. (State Capital Stuttgart Civil Engineering Office (2020): Portrait of Stuttgart's water bodies)

The water quality of the Neckar suffered and still suffers from the various industrial uses and structural changes. The 27 barrages slow down the flow, which can lead to a lack of oxygen as there is no longer any turbulence. The critical mark is below 4mg oxygen/litre (LUBW; https://www.lubw.baden-wuerttemberg.de/wasser/chemischer_zustand).

Likewise, sewage treatment plants discharge their treated wastewater into the Neckar, but polluted water is still fed into the river. Swimming in the Neckar is therefore not recommended.

Furthermore, rising temperatures affect the water temperature and thus the ecological condition of the water body. The critical mark of 28° degrees should not be exceeded. However, the water of the Neckar is used as cooling water by the industries on its banks. If the water temperature rises, the power plants must reduce their output in order to protect the "Neckar" habitat. (Regierungspräsidium Stuttgart (27.08.2018): Hohe Temperaturen im Neckar: Regierungspräsidium erteilt Ausnahmeerlaubnisse für drei Kraftwerke der EnBW, Pressemitteilung). The following graphs show how precipitation in the Stuttgart area affects the water temperature and oxygen content of the Neckar with a slight delay. The increased inflow of rainwater lowers the temperature and the increased flow velocity allows more oxygen to enter. The fourth graph shows the rising water temperatures over the course of the year.

Within the framework of the Baden-Württemberg Surface Water Ordinance, the Neckar in the urban area of Stuttgart is assigned to the fish community of the epipotamal. This fish community includes, for example, eel, bitterling, flounder, pike, rudd, tench and zander. The species-specific preferred temperatures for this fish community are up to 25° degrees in summer and up to 10° degrees in winter. (LAZBW(2020): Assignment of fish communities and resulting temperature requirements according to the Surface Water Ordinance in Baden-Württemberg)

Blue and Green Infrastructure

  • What are the major potential elements of a green/blue infrastructure network? Are these likely to change/disappear? Why is that?
  • You find my background material on green infrastructure in our reading list
  • add 1-2 graphical representations to the image gallery, you can add more if you like

Water as a cultural space

Land use and water

  • map the land uses along your water areas: settlements, infrastructure, agriculture, resource extraction, natural areas, energy production...
  • describe in particular the historical evolution of land use pattern, please make use of historical maps
  • description evolution, status quo and driving forces, is the land use likely to change? Why is that? (approx 200 signs)
  • add 1-2 graphical representations to the image gallery, you can add more if you like
The small video shows the spatial changes as well as the change of usage in the study area.

Cultural and spatial typologies of water areas

  • Which spatial patterns have evolved in relation to your water areas?
  • What is the role of water areas within the overall urban morphology? (approx 200 signs)
  • add 1-2 graphical representations to the image gallery, you can add more if you like

Sacred spaces and heritage

  • Which places/elements hold cultural value and to whom?
  • You may add a map and some images, please also explain in your caption why these elements are valuable

Visual appearance and landscape narrative

The river also played a role in poetry.

Friedrich Hölderlin a well-known German writer and poet lived from 1770-1843 and wrote a famous poem about the Neckar.

Der Neckar

(written around 1800-1806)

In deinen Tälern wachte mein Herz mir auf

  Zum Leben, deine Wellen umspielten mich,

     Und all der holden Hügel, die dich

        Wanderer! kennen, ist keiner fremd mir.


Auf ihren Gipfeln löste des Himmels Luft

  Mir oft der Knechtschaft Schmerzen; und aus dem Tal,

     Wie Leben aus dem Freudebecher,

        Glänzte die bläuliche Silberwelle.


Der Berge Quellen eilten hinab zu dir,

  Mit ihnen auch mein Herz und du nahmst uns mit,

     Zum stillerhabnen Rhein, zu seinen

        Städten hinunter und lustgen Inseln.


Noch dünkt die Welt mir schön, und das Aug entflieht

  Verlangend nach den Reizen der Erde mir,

     Zum goldenen Paktol, zu Smyrnas

        Ufer, zu Ilions Wald. Auch möcht ich


Bei Sunium oft landen, den stummen Pfad

  Nach deinen Säulen fragen, Olympion!

     Noch eh der Sturmwind und das Alter

        Hin in den Schutt der Athenertempel


Und ihrer Gottesbilder auch dich begräbt,

  Denn lang schon einsam stehst du, o Stolz der Welt,

     Die nicht mehr ist. Und o ihr schönen

        Inseln Ioniens! wo die Meerluft


Die heißen Ufer kühlt und den Lorbeerwald

  Durchsäuselt, wenn die Sonne den Weinstock wärmt,

     Ach! wo ein goldner Herbst dem armen

        Volk in Gesänge die Seufzer wandelt,


Wenn sein Granatbaum reift, wenn aus grüner Nacht

  Die Pomeranze blinkt, und der Mastixbaum

     Von Harze träuft und Pauk und Cymbel

        Zum labyrinthischen Tanze klingen.


Zu euch, ihr Inseln! bringt mich vielleicht, zu euch

  Mein Schutzgott einst; doch weicht mir aus treuem Sinn

     Auch da mein Neckar nicht mit seinen

        Lieblichen Wiesen und Uferweiden.

(Source: https://www.textlog.de/17837.html#google_vignette)

Water and People

Accessibility and usability

  • Where are your water areas accessible, and where not? How strong are spatial obstacles preventing access?
  • Who is using the spaces and how?

Community Mapping

What is to be mapped here?

  • Social groups from within the community, for example the youth, kids, students, parents, the retired etc. Typically, these groups have specific needs, which you can also make explicit on the map. These people might not be organized in any way, but they are usually present in the context you are observing
  • Local stakeholder groups: these groups are organized in one or the other way. They only exist within the community context you are observing. For example: the local community center, local churches, local interest groups, the landowners, small businesses and retailers
  • External stakeholder groups are not necessarily present in the environment you are observing, but they may have strong stakes and interests. These can be local authorities, politicians, associations, care services etc.
  • For each group, you may identify their needs, objectives, power and capacities
  • You may also identify gaps and power conflicts
  • Please try to redepict these elements in an integrated way and in relation to your water landscape. What is the relationship between these groups? Are they close or distanced from each other? Who is more powerful? Which voices are hardly heard? Do they have any shared concerns?

Possible Futures

  • You can summarize your findings with a SWOT diagram and a DPSI(R) Model
  • Link back to the Sustainable Development Goals: Which goals are at risk?
  • What is your worst case scenario for this landscape?
  • What is your best case scenario for this landscape?
  • Present your scenarios in the form of a collage or sketch
  • Add text and visuals

Collaborative Goal Setting

  • Define strategic planning objectives based on the evaluation findings from your analysis
  • Ideally, involve the community of your living labs into this process
  • Link back to your original targets from section one and the Development Goals
  • 150 words text contribution

Spatial Strategy and Transect

  • translate your strategic goals into a vision
  • develop a spatial translation of your vision
  • exemplify your vision in the form of a transect with concrete interventions
  • add map(s) and visualizations

From Theory of Change to Implementation

  • For implementing your vision: Which partnerships are needed? Which governance model is required?
  • Who needs to act and how? Draw and explain a change/process model/timeline
  • Which resources are needed? On which assets can you build?
  • add 150 words text and visuals

References

  • give a full list of the references you have used for your case

Process Reflection

  • Reflect in your intercultural and interdisciplinary team on the outcomes of your study
  • Which limitations were you facing?
  • What have you learnt from each other?
  • What did you learn in the Living Labs?
  • What would you do differently next time?
  • You can also use diagrams/visuals
  • 250 words text