Lacul Tei WAVE Living Lab 2021
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| Area | Tei Lake | |
| Place | Bucharest | |
| Country | Romania | |
| Topics | WAVE Project | |
| Author(s) | BOBE Ana-Cristina/ LUNGU Alexandra Beti/ MITRESCU Sergiu/ RISTEA Diana-Ioana/ STROBLEA Ștefania/ ANDONE Samuel | |
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Rationale
- Why do you think this case is relevant? What is your hypothesis considering the landscape challenges?
- Format: 3-4 sentences
Location and scope
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Water as a natural system
Geomorphology, typologies and dynamics of water areas
- Describe the water areas of your area in the contxt of the wider water system
The Tei Lake is located in Bucharest, in the northern part of Sector 2, at the intersection of the parallel 44 ° 28'16 "north latitude and the meridian 26 ° 07'10" east longitude. The Tei Lake is part of the chain of 18 anthropic lakes that have been made along the Colentina valley, between Bufeta and Cernica, for various purposes such as: hydropower production, water supply, flow regulation, tourism, leisure, etc.
The Colentina River is a stream that springs in the Șontânga-Doicești area, near the town of Târgoviște, in Dâmbovița County, and runs a route of 101 km south to the town of Cernica, where it flows into the Dâmbovița River. In the local context of Bucharest, the Colentina River has the largest surface area of water: approx. 1300 ha and it is the main hydrographic axis that crosses the city, having a length of 37,4 km. Regarding the anthropic lake system, it includes 15 lakes, 10 of which are located on the administrative territory of Bucharest, starting at an altitude of 131 m and ending at 54.1 m. From upstream to downstream it is chained in the following lakes:
• Buftea Lake (307 ha);
• Mogoșoaia Lake (66 ha);
• Chitila Lake (75 ha);
• Străulești Lake (39 ha);
• Grivița Lake (80 ha);
• Băneasa Lake (40 ha) - a geothermal water treatment base operates on its shore;
• Herastrau Lake (77 ha);
• Floreasca Lake (70 ha);
• Tei Lake (80 ha) - here there is a student sports complex;
• Plumbuita Lake (55 ha);
• Colentina Lake (29 ha);
• Fundeni Lake (123 ha);
• Dobroești Lake (120 ha) – it is also called Lake Pantelimon I;
• Pantelimon Lake (260 ha) - it is also called Lake Pantelimon II, and on its shore is the hotel complex " Lebăda";
• Cernica Lake (360 ha);
The construction of anthropic lakes began in 1933, and took place in 2 stages: the first stage between 1933 and 1940 when 7 of the 15 lakes were built, including: Buftea Lake, Herastrau Lake, Floreasca Lake and Baneasa Lake, and the second stage from 1968 to 1970, in which the following 8 lakes were built, including the Tei Lake.
- How does water appear in the landscape of your living lab? What types of water areas are common?
There are two types of major water areas in our living lab: rivers and artificial lakes or reservoirs/water storages, which are constructed on those rivers or artificially introduced in parks. Besides the two natural rivers that cross the city: Dâmbovița and Colentina (which have also underwent anthropic interventions and are characterized by an anthropical landscape), all the water areas are artificially made by man, most of them being artificial lakes with storage or anthropic excavations in the most important parks.
The most important river in our living lab is Colentina River, a natural river which is situated in the north part of the city and has a system of 18 artificial lakes built on it, each of them in an important recreation area. Part of this system is Lacul Tei, a water storage area separated by dams from the Floreasca and Plumbuita Lakes, both water storages as well. Also, in the Colentina valley you can find Titan Lake, which is a one of the 3 lakes built in an anthropic excavation.
- Please identify the water bodies' catchment areas, tributaries and floodplains.
Tei Lake is situated along Colentina River and is preceded by Floreasca Lake and followed by Plumbuita Lake. The Colentina River has as tributaries the Rivers: Baranga, Crevedia, Valea Saulei. The entirety of the lake is 80 hectares and its catchments and floodplains are in its northern and north-western part of the lake due to the slope of the terrain.
- Which dynamics do these water areas have?
The water areas in and around Bucharest are characterized by a perpetual dynamic of change, a pattern which is easily identifiable through a historic comparison. When looking at an earlier map, such as the one drawn up by Colonel Specht in 1790, the first thing which catches the eye are the thoroughly formed banks. The plan commissioned by the Romanian military authorities at the dawn of the 20th century confirm this state of fact, the interwar period marking the beginning of an ambitions process of reigning in the natural dynamics of these water areas. Works began in 1933, aimed at creating 18 anthropic lakes out of the Colentina river, beginning from the North-Western end of the river. In 1937 the projects finally edged towards the South-Eastern area of the waterway, focused on mending the Colentina riverbed, giving birth to what nowadays are known as the Tei, Fundeni, Dobroești and Pantelimon lakes. The project is partly finished in 1938, being picked up again by the communist authorities. A 1976 soviet map highlights the emergence of a channel between the Tei and Fundeni lakes. In the 1980s, alongside many other mammoth construction projects, the dictatorial regime of Nicolae Ceaușescu commissions complex hydrotechnical operations with the purpose of further anthropization of the river through works on the riverbed. The bold water infrastructure planning was never followed through due to the demise of the regime, the post-communist period witnessing a slow but certain degradation of the lakes. Nowadays, the Tei lake can be considered to be one of the luckier ones, its strands hosting a wide plethora of leisure facilities. The Western, Southern and Northern sides of it are flanked by outdoor sport facilities, a park containing a small amusement park within as well as a sizeable outdoor swimming pool. Due to its immediate vicinity to the business district located up North, as well as a premium residential complex and high-end leisure locations situated on its Eastern shore, there are solid premises for an increase of interest in and around the lake. The water areas in and around Bucharest are characterized by a perpetual dynamic of change, a pattern which is easily identifiable through a historic comparison. When looking at an earlier map, such as the one drawn up by Colonel Specht in 1790, the first thing which catches the eye are the thoroughly formed banks. The plan commissioned by the Romanian military authorities at the dawn of the 20th century confirm this state of fact, the interwar period marking the beginning of an ambitions process of reigning in the natural dynamics of these water areas. Works began in 1933, aimed at creating 18 anthropic lakes out of the Colentina river, beginning from the North-Western end of the river. In 1937 the projects finally edged towards the South-Eastern area of the waterway, focused on mending the Colentina riverbed, giving birth to what nowadays are known as the Tei, Fundeni, Dobroești and Pantelimon lakes. The project is partly finished in 1938, being picked up again by the communist authorities. A 1976 soviet map highlights the emergence of a channel between the Tei and Fundeni lakes. In the 1980s, alongside many other mammoth construction projects, the dictatorial regime of Nicolae Ceaușescu commissions complex hydrotechnical operations with the purpose of further anthropization of the river through works on the riverbed. The bold water infrastructure planning was never followed through due to the demise of the regime, the post-communist period witnessing a slow but certain degradation of the lakes. Nowadays, the Tei lake can be considered to be one of the luckier ones, its strands hosting a wide plethora of leisure facilities. The Western, Southern and Northern sides of it are flanked by outdoor sport facilities, a park containing a small amusement park within as well as a sizeable outdoor swimming pool. Due to its immediate vicinity to the business district located up North, as well as a premium residential complex and high-end leisure locations situated on its Eastern shore, there are solid premises for an increase of interest in and around the lake.
- Have there been any flood events in the past?
Many Eastern European cities that are prone to floods are in close proximity to industrial areas, mining operations, or are host to brownfield sites. As a result, people and settlements in the region run a significant risk to be exposed to contaminated and toxic waters.Romania is known as one of the most flood-prone countries in Europe. Bucharest is located in the southeastern part of the country, within the Argeş River watershed, in a region belonging to the Romanian Plain, where drainage density is high and elevations are of 60–90 m. Its territory is crossed on a northwest–southeast direction by the Dâmboviţa and Colentina rivers, which have large floodplains and terraces where the city has found good conditions for its sprawl. However, because of this location in a floodplain area, Bucharest has high flood risk susceptibility. Consequently, in order to avoid such events, since the 18th century, the authorities have imposed a number of protection measures and have developed engineering techniques. It is rare to see a year without serious flooding in Romania.Since the 2002 floods, Romania was the most affected by the 2005 floods as it was faced with the most powerful and widespread floods and also the highest. The 2010 Romanian floods were the result of an extreme weather event that struck Romania in late June 2010, 21 people died. Deadly flash floods hit Romania after the worst drought in 100 years and heaviest floods in 200 years, last year in 2020.
- add 2-3 graphical representations to the image gallery, you can add more if you like
Water storages along Colentina River
Tei Lake Floodplains
- Yourcase watersystem3.jpg
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Water as a living space
- Which habitats can be found in and along the water areas of your area?
- How is the water quality in your water areas?
- Which areas are still natural, which are urbanised/artificial?
- Are the rivers permeable for fish or blocked by artificial elements?(approx 200 signs)
- add 1-2 graphical representations to the image gallery, you can add more if you like
- Yourcase wateraslivingspace1.jpg
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Blue and Green Infrastructure
- What are the major potential elements of a green/blue infrastructure network? Are these likely to change/disappear? Why is that?
- You find my background material on green infrastructure in our reading list
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Water as a cultural space
Land use and water
- map the land uses along your water areas: settlements, infrastructure, agriculture, resource extraction, natural areas, energy production...
- describe in particular the historical evolution of land use pattern, please make use of historical maps
- description evolution, status quo and driving forces, is the land use likely to change? Why is that? (approx 200 signs)
- add 1-2 graphical representations to the image gallery, you can add more if you like
- Yourcase landuse1.jpg
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- Yourcase landuse2.jpg
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Cultural and spatial typologies of water areas
- Which spatial patterns have evolved in relation to your water areas?
- What is the role of water areas within the overall urban morphology? (approx 200 signs)
- add 1-2 graphical representations to the image gallery, you can add more if you like
- Yourcase water space1.jpg
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- Yourcase water space2.jpg
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- Yourcase water space3.jpg
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Sacred spaces and heritage
- Which places/elements hold cultural value and to whom?
- You may add a map and some images, please also explain in your caption why these elements are valuable
- Your case sacredspace1.jpg
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- Your case sacredspace2.jpg
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- Your case sacredspace3.jpg
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Visual appearance and landscape narrative
- Which elements are essential for the landscape character?
- Has the landscape been painted or otherwise depicted, when and whom? Which elements are essential?
- Which narratives exist? Who has written about this landscape or depicted it in some way?
- You can add text and images
- Your case character1.jpg
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- Your case character2.jpg
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- Your case character3.jpg
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Water and People
Accessibility and usability
- Where are your water areas accessible, and where not? How strong are spatial obstacles preventing access?
- Who is using the spaces and how?
- Yourcase youraccessbilitymap.jpg
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- Yourcase usepatterns.jpg
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Community Mapping
What is to be mapped here?
- Social groups from within the community, for example the youth, kids, students, parents, the retired etc. Typically, these groups have specific needs, which you can also make explicit on the map. These people might not be organized in any way, but they are usually present in the context you are observing
- Local stakeholder groups: these groups are organized in one or the other way. They only exist within the community context you are observing. For example: the local community center, local churches, local interest groups, the landowners, small businesses and retailers
- External stakeholder groups are not necessarily present in the environment you are observing, but they may have strong stakes and interests. These can be local authorities, politicians, associations, care services etc.
- For each group, you may identify their needs, objectives, power and capacities
- You may also identify gaps and power conflicts
- Please try to redepict these elements in an integrated way and in relation to your water landscape. What is the relationship between these groups? Are they close or distanced from each other? Who is more powerful? Which voices are hardly heard? Do they have any shared concerns?
- Your case your community map1.jpg
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- Your case your community map2.jpg
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- Your case your community map3.jpg
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Possible Futures
- You can summarize your findings with a SWOT diagram and a DPSI(R) Model
- Link back to the Sustainable Development Goals: Which goals are at risk?
- What is your worst case scenario for this landscape?
- What is your best case scenario for this landscape?
- Present your scenarios in the form of a collage or sketch
- Add text and visuals
- Your case your spider diagram or dpsir model.jpg
explain your analysis briefly in the caption
- Your case yourworstcase visual.jpg
explain your worst case scenario briefly in the caption
- Your case yourbestcase visual.jpg
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Collaborative Goal Setting
- Define strategic planning objectives based on the evaluation findings from your analysis
- Ideally, involve the community of your living labs into this process
- Link back to your original targets from section one and the Development Goals
- 150 words text contribution
Spatial Strategy and Transect
- translate your strategic goals into a vision
- develop a spatial translation of your vision
- exemplify your vision in the form of a transect with concrete interventions
- add map(s) and visualizations
- Your case spatial translaton vision.jpg
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- Your case transect.jpg
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- Your case transect detail1.jpg
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- Your case transect detail2.jpg
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From Theory of Change to Implementation
- For implementing your vision: Which partnerships are needed? Which governance model is required?
- Who needs to act and how? Draw and explain a change/process model/timeline
- Which resources are needed? On which assets can you build?
- add 150 words text and visuals
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References
- give a full list of the references you have used for your case
Process Reflection
- Reflect in your intercultural and interdisciplinary team on the outcomes of your study
- Which limitations were you facing?
- What have you learnt from each other?
- What did you learn in the Living Labs?
- What would you do differently next time?
- You can also use diagrams/visuals
- 250 words text